May is National Sexual Assault Awareness Month here in Canada, and I wanted to take a moment to talk about this difficult—but crucial—topic. As a psychotherapist working from a trauma-informed perspective, I’ve supported many survivors in their healing journeys. This month offers an important opportunity to raise awareness, support those impacted, and continue advocating for prevention and systemic change.
In this blog, I’ll share an overview of what sexual assault is, explore its impact from a trauma-informed lens, highlight recent statistics in Canada, outline survivors’ civil rights, and offer guidance on where to find support. I also invite you to visit our Instagram page, where we’ve shared short videos expanding on these themes.
What Is Sexual Assault?
Sexual assault involves any non-consensual sexual activity that violates a person’s autonomy—this can range from unwanted touching to rape. Consent must always be clear, ongoing, and freely given. It can’t be assumed, coerced, or given by someone who is intoxicated or underage.
In Canada, the Criminal Code defines sexual assault as any sexual act performed without consent. From a trauma-informed standpoint, we also consider the broader context—how social responses like victim-blaming can compound a survivor’s trauma and feelings of shame.
The Impact of Sexual Assault on the Victems: A Trauma-Informed View
Sexual assault can affect survivors in deep and varied ways—emotionally, physically, and socially. These effects are influenced by factors such as cultural background, personal history, and available support systems.
- Psychological Effects: Research shows that up to 60% of survivors experience symptoms of PTSD within the first year. Depression, anxiety, and intrusive thoughts are common. Women and gender-diverse individuals are disproportionately impacted. Many survivors also struggle with guilt, shame, or self-blame—feelings that are often intensified by societal stigma.
- Physical and Behavioral Responses: Trauma is stored in the body, and survivors frequently report chronic pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and difficulties with intimacy.
- Social Impact: Relationships often suffer after an assault—about 70% of survivors report challenges with trust and closeness, especially since the majority (around 80%) know their assailant personally.
What the Statistics Show—Canada and Beyond
Sexual violence is a global issue—and significantly underreported:
- Globally: The World Health Organization (2024) reports that 1 in 3 women worldwide experience physical or sexual violence in their lifetime. Yet, only about 10% of assaults are formally reported (UN Women, 2025), often due to shame or fear of not being believed.
- In Canada: According to a 2024 Statistics Canada survey, 1 in 5 women and 1 in 13 men experience sexual assault. In 2023 alone, over 34,000 incidents were reported to police—a 19% increase since 2019. Still, it’s estimated that 83% of assaults are never reported, with marginalized groups facing the most barriers.
Survivors’ Rights in Canada
Survivors have legal protections, though many still face obstacles when seeking justice.
- Legal Protections: Under the Canadian Charter, everyone has equal protection under the law. Bill C-51 (amended in 2023) ensures that a survivor’s past sexual history cannot be used against them in court.
- No Time Limit to Report: There is no statute of limitations on reporting or prosecuting sexual assault in Canada. That means survivors can come forward years—even decades—later, if and when they’re ready.
How Healing Happens
Trauma-informed therapy focuses on creating a safe, validating space for survivors to process their experiences. It prioritizes empowerment and moves at the client’s own pace.
If you or someone you care about is seeking support, know that healing is possible—and help is available.
Here are some ways to access support:
- Therapy & Counselling: Evidence-based trauma therapies like EMDR and CBT have shown to reduce PTSD symptoms by up to 70%.
- 24/7 Support Line: Canada’s Sexual Assault Crisis Line — 1-800-726-2743
- Legal Aid & Resources: Canada’s Victim Services Program provides free legal advice and assistance.
If you’re looking for more personalized support, don’t hesitate to reach out:
تلفن: 604.260.6049
Email: info@catalystmindcenter.com
You are not alone. Support is here. Healing is possible.
Dr. Sherry Ghorbankhani, PsyD, RCC, CCC